To demonstrate and understand the effects of fertilization with different urban and animal organic waste materials on soil properties and crop quality.
The experiment site is typically sown with a spring grain crop. Until 2008 the crop most plots were undersown with white clover (Trifolium repens) and weeds controlled mechanically. After 2008 herbicide based weed management commenced and white clover was undersown in one treatment only.
Soil type
cambisol
Soil description
The soils are a sandy loam. A gradient in clay content across the field is present resulting in a minor difference in the mean clay content in the three replicate blocks (from 16.9% in block 1–14.3% in block 3).
Climatic type
temperate oceanic climate
Design period: (2002—)
Design Type
Randomized complete block design
Design description
Plots are separated by 3m grass strips in order to avoid movement of soil between treatments
Number of blocks
3
Number of plots
39
Number of replicates
3
Number of harvests per year
1
Crops
Crop
Years grown
wheat
oats
barley
rapeseed
rye grass
clover
Factor
Factor name
Factor levels
fertilizer exposure
The fertilizers were spread on land and incorporated by ploughing to approximately 20 cm.
Plot application: Whole plot
control exposure
Unfertilized
clover
Clover undersown, no other fertilizers applied
Related publications
S. López-Rayo, K.H. Laursen, J.D.S. Lekfeldt, F. Delle Grazie, J. Magid Long-term amendment of urban and animal wastes equivalent to more than 100 years of application had minimal effect on plant uptake of potentially toxic elements Agric. Ecosyst. Environ., 231 (2016), pp. 44-53