The frame trial, RAM56
- Local identifier
- Ramförsöket
- Years operational
- 1956—
- Objective
- To study the long-term effect of different combinations of organic material and nitrogen fertilization on soil organic matter and soil microbial community.
- Description
- The experiment consist of 15 treatments with four field replicates, resulting in a total of 60 plots organized in four blocks. Plots are randomized except for block 1. Organic material is added in autumn every second year. Nitrogen is applied yearly. All treatments receive 20 kg P ha and 38 kg K ha-1. The type of mineral P and K fertilizer is not specified in the experimental plan. Crop rotation were alternating spring cereals and spring oil seed until 2000, after that only maize harvested as green forage has been grown. Crops are sampled every year and topsoil was samples every year after harvest until 2019. Since 2019 soil samples have been collected every second year. Tilling, sowing, addition of fertilizers, and other management practices are all performed by hand.
- Data Access Statement
- Available to any researcher on request
- Data license
- Don't know
- Data policy
- Don't know
- Organization
- The Swedish University of Agricultural Sciencesresearch organisation
- Person
- Dr. Sabina Braunexperiment managerSLUSoil and Envirionment
Site: The frame trial, RAM56
- Type
- research station field
- Local code
- C-RAM-1956
- Location
- UppsalaUpplandSweden
- Geographic location
- 59.8192, 17.646
- Elevation
- 15 Metres
- Visits permitted?
- Yes
- Visiting arrangements
- Contact soilnutrientcycling@slu.se
- Soil type
- cambisol
- Soil description
- Eutric Cambisol Clay loam
- Soil properties
Variable Depth Value (range) Units Ref year Estimated? Baseline? clay content 0 – 20 Centimetres 37 Percent silt content 0 – 20 Centimetres 41 Percent sand content 0 – 20 Centimetres 22 soil pH 0 – 20 Centimetres 6.6 - Climate properties
Variable Time period Value (range) Units air temperature 1961 – 1990 5.4 degree Celsius air temperature 1991 – 2020 6.7 degree Celsius precipitation 1961 – 1990 529 millimeter precipitation 541 millimeter
Design period: (1956—)
- Design Type
- Other
- Description
- 1956-2000: spring cereals and spring oil seed as green forage, no set rotation. 2000-onwards: Maize as green forage. All treatments receive 20 kg phosphorus per hectare and 38 kg potassium per hectare annually. The type of mineral P and K fertilizer is not specified in the experimental plan.
- Design description
- The experiment consist of 15 treatments with four field replicates, resulting in a total of 60 plots organized in four blocks. Plots are randomized except for block 1.
- Number of plots
- 15
- Number of replicates
- 4
- Number of harvests per year
- 1
- Crops
Crop Years grown maize bare fallow - Crop Rotation
- Maize 2020—
- 1maizeAs green forage
- Factors
- Factor name
- Factor levels
- nitrogen fertilizer exposure
no n (0 )
calcium ammonium nitrate (80 kgN/ha)
Application frequency: once every yearChemical form: calcium ammonium nitrateammonium sulfate (80 kgN/ha)
Application frequency: once every yearChemical form: ammonium sulfatecalcium cyanamide (80 kgN/ha)
Application frequency: once every yearChemical form: calcium cyanamide- natural fertilizer exposure
straw (4 tons carbon per hectare)
Application frequency: every other yearChemical form: strawgreen manure (4 tons carbon per hectare)
Application frequency: every other yearpeat (4 tons carbon per hectare)
Application frequency: every other yearcattle manure (4 tons carbon per hectare)
Application frequency: every other yearcattle manure and superphosphate (4 tons carbon per hectare)
Application frequency: every other yearCattle manure with 20 kg P per hectare added in the form of superphosphatesawdust (4 tons carbon per hectare)
Application frequency: every other yearbiogas digestate (4 tons carbon per hectare)
Application frequency: every other yearno external organic matter (0 )
- Factor combinations
- A Bare fallow
- nitrogen fertilizer exposure: no nnatural fertilizer exposure: no external organic matter
- B With crop
- nitrogen fertilizer exposure: no nnatural fertilizer exposure: no external organic matter
- C
- nitrogen fertilizer exposure: calcium ammonium nitratenatural fertilizer exposure: no external organic matter
- D
- nitrogen fertilizer exposure: ammonium sulfatenatural fertilizer exposure: no external organic matter
- E
- nitrogen fertilizer exposure: calcium cyanamidenatural fertilizer exposure: no external organic matter
- F
- nitrogen fertilizer exposure: no nnatural fertilizer exposure: straw
- G
- nitrogen fertilizer exposure: calcium ammonium nitratenatural fertilizer exposure: straw
- H
- nitrogen fertilizer exposure: no nnatural fertilizer exposure: green manure
- I
- nitrogen fertilizer exposure: no nnatural fertilizer exposure: peat
- J
- nitrogen fertilizer exposure: no nnatural fertilizer exposure: cattle manure
- K
- nitrogen fertilizer exposure: no nnatural fertilizer exposure: cattle manure and superphosphate
- L
- nitrogen fertilizer exposure: no nnatural fertilizer exposure: sawdust
- M
- nitrogen fertilizer exposure: calcium ammonium nitratenatural fertilizer exposure: peat
- N
- nitrogen fertilizer exposure: calcium ammonium nitratenatural fertilizer exposure: sawdust
- O
- nitrogen fertilizer exposure: no nnatural fertilizer exposure: biogas digestate
- A
- Measurements
Variable Material Units Frequency Scale Comment forage yield Not specified soil pH Soil plant available phosphorous Soil P-AL, ammonium acetate lactate extractable potassium content Soil K-AL, ammonium acetate lactate extractable soil total carbon Soil total soil nitrogen Soil nitrogen content maize
Related publications
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